Honey: the food that never expires

Honey is one of the few foods in the world that, if stored properly, never expires. While many food products have a limited shelf life, honey has been recognized for its ability to remain edible for centuries, even millennia. But what makes honey so special?

Natural properties

Honey is a natural substance produced by bees from the nectar of flowers. Its unique chemical composition is the key to its longevity. It contains a high concentration of natural sugars and is low in moisture, which creates an inhospitable environment for bacteria and other microorganisms. This means that the pathogens that would normally cause food to spoil cannot survive in honey.

Acidity and Hydrogen Peroxide

In addition to its low water content, honey is slightly acidic, with a pH that ranges between 3.2 and 4.5. This acidity also contributes to its ability to prevent the proliferation of microorganisms. Furthermore, bees add an enzyme called glucose oxidase to the nectar when they transform it into honey. This enzyme produces small amounts of hydrogen peroxide, a compound that has antimicrobial properties.

Archaeological findings

One fact that illustrates the longevity of honey is the discovery of honey in ancient Egyptian tombs. Archaeologists have found jars of honey in tombs that are over 3,000 years old, and the surprising thing is that this honey was still in good condition for consumption. This confirms that, under the right conditions, honey can be preserved for incredibly long periods without losing its edibility.

Why does honey crystallize?

Although honey doesn’t expire, it is common for it to crystallize over time. Crystallization occurs when the sugars in honey form crystals, turning its liquid texture into a more granular or solid form. This process is completely natural and does not affect the quality or safety of the honey. If you prefer honey in its liquid state, you can simply heat the jar in a warm water bath to dissolve the crystals.

Proper storage

To ensure that honey stays in the best condition, it’s important to store it correctly. It should be kept in an airtight container in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight. Avoiding contact between honey and water is crucial, as increased moisture could alter its stability and allow mold or bacteria to grow.